There are some parks in some English towns where drug users are a massive issue. Since it's impossible to arrest them all, some of the councils have given up and installed more "needle bins" in those parks, thus alleviating the problem. Now there are a lot less needles lying around.
Here in Boston the exchanges give out portable disposal containers to try to encourage users to not just throw needles on the ground. The needle exchanges try to get people to bring back their used needles to *exchange* them for clean ones. I don’t think they deny people who don’t return needles, but it creates the opportunity to talk about proper disposal.
Our 311 service allows people to call in needle pickup requests or geolocate them on their phone. I suppose this data could be used to help decide where to put in needle disposal bins. I suppose the potential issue with that is people breaking into the boxes if they’re desperate and the boxes are not secure enough, but I imagine they’ve considered that.
I have no idea how long it takes them to clean up the needles or who ultimately does it, but I imagine they make it a priority. I’ve only run into a couple needles and I just disposed of them myself. I usually have some gloves in my bag.
Obviously drug users are not necessarily going to be the most responsible when it comes to policing their needles and loose needles is definitely a legitimate problem, especially for kids and pets. All places, but some places in particular, should be making a greater effort to clean them up and find ways of encouraging or incentivizing proper disposal.
Not to minimize how disgusting used needles are or the psychological trauma accidental needle sticks cause or the current problem at hand, but the chances of catching something like HIV or HCV from a needle that’s been laying on the ground is actually quite low.